Penn Removes Several Recognitions of Steve Wynn

For the first time in more than 100 years, the University of Pennsylvania has revoked an honorary degree. Following accusations of sexual misconduct against Steve Wynn, the trustees announced the revocation in addition to plans for removing Wynn's name from "Wynn Commons" and from a scholarship fund.

The message, sent by email and posted on the school's website, explained the decision and announced that an honorary degree for Bill Cosby also will be revoked. University leaders were careful to describe their decision process as well as the delay in revoking Cosby's degree. This is a good example of anticipating and addressing potential criticism.

Judging by comments on Twitter, reactions to the university's decision to take a stand seem to be neutral or positive.

Discussion:

• Did UPenn make the right decision? Why or why not?
• Analyze the message. What principles of business are followed, and how can the message be improved? Consider the audience analysis, organization, tone, and so on.
• How is this an example of courage? What risks does the university face?

Call for Gymnastics Board to Resign

As female athletes are recognized in a full-page newspaper ad for their courage in telling their stories of abuse, the U.S. Olympics CEO is calling for the entire USA Gymnastics board to resign by Wednesday.

In an open letter to Team USA Athletes, CEO Scott Blackman apologized and identified four next steps:

1. We Must Change the Culture of the Sport.
2. We Must Change the Governance Structure of the NGB.
3. We Must Know Who Knew What and When.
4. We Must Support Safe Sport Victims and Survivors.

Three members of the board already resigned, but critics say that is not enough. Blackman doesn't accuse any board members of knowing about abuse, but he says the culture must change and this is the best way to achieve that change.

Discussion:

• What is the value of asking for the entire board's resignation? What, perhaps, are the limitations?
• What should the board do?
• How else can Blackman and the rest of the Olympics Committee make athletes feel safe again?

MSU President's Resignation Letter

After calls for her resignation, Lou Anna Simon, the 13-year Michigan State University president submitted her letter. She could not escape criticism that she knew of Dr. Larry Nassar's sexual abuse of students and didn't do enough. Simons admitted encouraging an investigation and not receiving the final report. Reports also say that at least 14 university staff members received complaints about Nassar over two years.

Although most of the board initially supported her, students and others did not, and in the end, the board chair wrote, "We agree with Dr. Simon that it is now time for change."

Simon's letter is a mix of sympathy for the victims, love for the college, and defeat. In this paragraph, she focuses on blame:

As tragedies are politicized, blame is inevitable.  As president, it is only natural that I am the focus of this anger.  I understand, and that is why I have limited my personal statements.   Throughout my career, I have worked very hard to put Team MSU first.  Throughout my career, I have consistently and persistently spoken and worked on behalf of Team MSU.  I have tried to make it not about me.  I urge those who have supported my work to understand that I cannot make it about me now.  Therefore, I am tendering my resignation as president according to the terms of my employment agreement.

Discussion:

• Critics say Simon shifts accountability in her letter, particularly the paragraph above. What's your view?
• Did Simon make the right decision? Why or why not? 
• What should the university do to help the campus recover from this situation? How can they rebuild trust and make MSU feel like a safe place?

Calls for Michigan State President to Resign

Some believe it's a matter of integrity and accountability; others believe this will start the healing process. In addition to public demands, one Michigan State trustee says it's time for the university president to resign over Dr. Lawrence G. Nassar's sexual abuse of dozens of female athletes.

The rest of the university trustees have shown public support for the president, Lou Anna Simon. In a statement, they said, "President Simon is the right leader for the university, and she has our support." But the sole trustee, Mitch Lyons, disagrees:

“I don’t feel that President Simon can survive the public outcry that has been generated by this tragedy. I feel that our best recourse is for President Simon to resign immediately in order to allow the healing process to begin."

According to a Detriot News story, several university officials, including the president, heard complaints about Nassar. Simons admits, “I was informed that a sports medicine doctor was under investigation. I told people to play it straight up, and I did not receive a copy of the report. That’s the truth.” People question her judgment in not seeing the final report, particularly given the recent explosive case at Penn State University. We will see what happens next.

Image source.

Discussion:

• Should Simon resign? Why or why not?
• What does it take for Lyons to break rank with the rest of the trustees? How would you describe the possible dynamics on the board?
• How does such abuse go on for so long? About 140 women complained about Nassar when he was working with Olympic athletes, and at least eight students came forward at the Michigan State.
• At the end of the trustees' statement, a reporter asks, "Why no questions?" But the board leaves the room without saying anything. Should they have taken questions? Why or why not?

BlackRock Encourages "A Sense of Purpose"

BlackRock CEO Larry Fink is encouraging companies to be more socially responsible. In his annual letter, the investment firm CEO describes the increasing wealth disparity in the United States:

"We are seeing a paradox of high returns and high anxiety. Since the financial crisis, those with capital have reaped enormous benefits. At the same time, many individuals across the world are facing a combination of low rates, low wage growth, and inadequate retirement systems. Many don’t have the financial capacity, the resources, or the tools to save effectively; those who are invested are too often over-allocated to cash. For millions, the prospect of a secure retirement is slipping further and further away – especially among workers with less education, whose job security is increasingly tenuous. I believe these trends are a major source of the anxiety and polarization that we see across the world today."

Fink is encouraging more engagement of shareholders and a focus on creating long-term value:

"Companies must ask themselves: What role do we play in the community? How are we managing our impact on the environment? Are we working to create a diverse workforce? Are we adapting to technological change? Are we providing the retraining and opportunities that our employees and our business will need to adjust to an increasingly automated world? Are we using behavioral finance and other tools to prepare workers for retirement, so that they invest in a way that that will help them achieve their goals?"

But critics say Fink is overstepping. On Squawk Box, Sam Zell said, "I didn't know Larry Fink had been made God."

Discussion:

• What's your view of Fink's position? Is this a good idea, or should he keep his thoughts to himself?
• What are Fink's communication objectives, and how well does he meet them?
• Assess the letter in terms of organization and writing style.

How Does a White Supremacist Change?

Derek Black grew up in a prominent white supremacist family, but his views about race changed when he went to college and met people who cared to challenge him. The New York Times Daily Show rebroadcast an interview with Black, and we hear first-hand about his growing up and about his evolution. (Read the transcript.)

Black's father started Stormfront, a white nationalist website, and his godfather was David Duke, once a leader of the Ku Klux Klan. Black describes his family and friends as a close group, connected by a shared purpose. Although he says that his family doesn't single out individuals, they believe that IQ is linked to race, and that people of color are biologically inferior.

After spending time with Jewish people and comparing research, Black came to understand—over the course of a year—that his research was flawed. He now denounces the white supremacist movement.

Image source.

Discussion:

• How would you describe Black's transformation? What is significant about his development in terms of understanding cultural differences?
• Black wanted to stay in the background after his discovery, but he says he felt compelled to be more publicly vocal. What are the arguments for and against staying anonymous?
• Describe how Black demonstrates intellectual humility.

Morgan Spurlock Admits Sexual Misconduct

Documentarian Morgan Spurlock published an account of his sexual conduct, admitting, "I am part of the problem." He demonstrates vulnerability and describes a situation which a woman describes as rape. He also admits that he was "unfaithful to every wife and girlfriend I have ever had." Spurlock is the first public figure who admitted misconduct before he was accused.

His most famous movie was Super Size Me, which criticized McDonald's for unhealthy food. Super Size Me 2: Holy Chicken! was going to premiere at the Sundance Film Festival but will be withdrawn. In addition, Spurlock's production company, Warrior Poets, announced that he will step down:

On behalf of Warrior Poets, we as partners have always supported our company and its endeavors. As of today, Morgan Spurlock will be stepping down effective immediately.

We will continue to lead the company as equal partners, producing, distributing & creating from our independent production company.

Respectfully,
Co-Founder & Partner Jeremy Chilnick
and Partner Matthew Galkin

Discussion:

• What's your view of Spurlock's statement, which some call a "confessional"? Some consider it trite, while others applaud his openness.
• Was it best for Spurlock to step down from Warrier Poet? Why or why not?

Podcast About Using LinkedIn for Networking

In this 8-minute podcast, hear how Lizzie, a Cornell University student, musters up the courage to contact people on LinkedIn for informational interviews. Her message is shown here.

Amy Newman with Lizzie on LinkedIn

More Criticism for Starbucks' Coffee Cup

Starbucks' coffee cup isn't spared another year of criticism. In 2015, Donald Trump, before he was president, said the company participated in a "War on Christmas" because its cup was a solid red color with no Christmas symbols.

This year, the company is accused of having a "gay agenda." At one point during the promotional video, two women have their hands on a cup and are looking at each other. A company spokesperson said, "This year's hand-drawn cup features scenes of celebrating with loved ones-whoever they may be. We intentionally designed the cup so our customers can interpret it in their own way, adding their own color and illustrations."

A compilation of Starbucks Christmas coffee cups shows an interesting history. The first holiday cups, in 1997, were in four colors, none of which were red. Also, although this year's cup is identified as "not red," many of the drawings are red.

Starbucks is no stranger to controversy. During the political firestorm earlier this year, CEO Howard Schultz promised to hire 10,000 refugees by 2022.

Discussion:

• How do you interpret the coffee cup? What does it mean to you? Do you think Starbucks is trying to promote a "gay agenda"?
• This may be another example of "brand activism." Should Starbucks stay out of the fray or take a stand on some issues? What are the advantages and downsides of each approach?

Smashing Keurigs to Defend Roy Moore

People are posting videos of themselves destroying their Keurig coffee machines to protest the company's decision to pull advertising from Fox News because of an interview with Roy Moore. Moore, who is running for Senator for Alabama, has been accused of having sexual relations with a 14-year-old girl and other teenagers when he was in his 30s.

Sean Hannity interviewed Moore, and Keurig and other advertisers, including E-Trade, Realtor.com, ELOQUII, 23andMe, and Nature's Bounty, thought the interview was too light and let Moore off easily. Keurig CEO Bob Gamgort explained his reasoning in an email to employees including this excerpt:

"The catalyst for the current situation was commentary made by Sean Hannity on his TV and radio programs last week, which sparked a significant number of consumer complaints directed to us as advertisers on his TV program. Hannity himself later apologized for his comments in his own tweet: "As I said on TV tonight, I apologize when I misspoke and was not totally clear earlier today."

Hannity's conservative fans aren't happy with the decision.

UPDATE: Some advertisers deleted tweets, which does not reflect well on the brands.

Discussion:

• Assess the CEO's full email to employees. Analyze his audience and communication objectives. How well does he explain the situation?
• In what ways is this an issue of integrity for multiple people involved?

Apologies from Louis C.K. and His Former Manager

After several women told similar stories about Louis C.K.'s sexual misconduct, the comedian wrote a statement (NSFW). Some appreciate Louis C.K.'s taking responsibility and consider it a far better response than we have seen from Harvey Weinstein or Kevin Spacey. Others think the statement fell short, particularly because he didn't use the words "I'm sorry" or "I apologize."

Quartz published an edited version of the statement, criticizing Louis C.K. for emphasizing how much he's admired rather than how sorry he is.

Meanwhile, Louis C.K.'s manager, Dave Becky, ended their relationship and wrote his own statement:

"I profoundly regret and am deeply sorry for not listening to and not understanding what happened to Dana and Julia. If I had, I would have taken this event as seriously as it deserved to be, and I would have confronted Louis, which would have been the right thing to do.

I am providing this context so that others do not make the same mistake I did. At that time, I heard the story third-hand, and I interpreted the conversation as two women telling a story about a sexual encounter with a then-married Louis. Albeit enormously embarrassing, in no way did I interpret the interaction as threatening or non-consensual. I misperceived the casual way the story was portrayed to me - instead I should have recognized that it must have been a mask for their unease and discomfort in the face of his detestable behavior. My intent was to seek discretion to protect what I thought was a matter of infidelity. I now comprehend that my response was perceived as a threat to cover-up sexual misconduct. This is not an excuse. What I did was wrong, and again, I am extremely sorry.

In hindsight, I was operating blindly from a one-sided place of privilege. Until last week, I knew only of this one isolated incident. Although this may sound naïve, it is true. Never once, in all of these years, did anyone mention any of the other incidents that were reported recently - I am appalled to learn of these. I have come to realize my status wielded an atmosphere where such news did not reach me, or worse yet, that it seemed such news did not matter to me. It does. It matters tremendously.

I am going to take time to reflect on this, to educate myself daily, and to strive towards a more enlightened path. I want to ensure that all voices around me are heard, and that everyone is treated respectfully and empathetically. More than anything, I want to create an environment that is a better, safer and fairer place."

Becky also represents Aziz Ansari, Amy Poehler, and Kevin Hart. He did represent Pamela Adlon, but she terminated the relationship after the Louis C.K. news became public.

Discussion: 

• If you read Louis C.K.'s statement (NSFW), what is your perspective? In what ways does it serve as an effective apology, and in what ways does it fall short?
• Assess Becky's statement similarly.

Florida State University Suspends Greek Life Activities

A fraternity member's death was the last straw for the president of Florida State University. John E. Thrasher suspended all fraternity and sorority activities on campus, calling for "a new normal for Greek life."

The student death, which occurred during pledging, follows another student death in September and cocaine charges for another member. In a statement, Thrasher explained the decision and called on the Greek community to find innovative practices. He emphasized the importance of the pause: "The president said this pause is needed to review and reflect on the loss of a young life."

In a long list, the university itemizes what is not allowed, including meetings or events, and specific FSU activities are mentioned, such as Homecoming "pomping, skit night, or spear-it night."

Discussion:

• The university website refers to the decision as an "indefinite interim suspension." Sounds redundant, doesn't it? Do you think this is intentional or a grammatical oversight?
• Assess the university's FAQs. How well does the administration anticipate and address questions?
• The president is demonstrating compassion and courage, but of course, not everyone agrees with the decision. What are the counterarguments?

Criticism of Kevin Spacey's Statement

Actor Anthony Rapp has accused fellow actor Kevin Spacey of sexual assault when Rapp was 14 years old. Rapp is known for his roles in Rent, Star Trek: Discovery, and A Beautiful Mind, while Spacey has a long history of movie credits and is currently co-starring in House of Cards.

Spacey responded to the allegations with an apology statement, and he took the opportunity to come out as a gay man. He is facing harsh criticism for deflecting attention away from the situation and for possibly linking being gap to pedophilia, an unfounded but common association.

Susan McCarthy, who manages SorryWatch, created "Bad Apology Bingo" and "Bad Apology Bingo Two" as lessons for what not to include in an apology statement. 

In addition to the public backlash, Netflix has announced that House of Cards, currently filming its sixth season, will not film a seventh. Also, Spacey will not receive the special Emmy award that was planned for new month.

Discussion:

• What's your view of the Spacey's response and the backlash?
• Did Netflix and the Emmy Awards do the right thing? Why or why not?

Goodell Skirts Anthem Issue

NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell seems to be conflicted about how to handle the issue of players kneeling during the national anthem. A PR Daily writer summarizes the results of a recent news conference.

His aim was to stem backlash over players kneeling during the national anthem. However, Goodell's response didn't do much to alleviate the NFL's troubles.

This video caption reads, "Roger Goodell: 'We believe everyone should stand for the National Anthem' | NFL." But other messages aren't quite as clear. In a memo to owners, Goodell wrote, "we also care deeply about our players and respect their opinions and concerns about critical social issues. The controversy over the Anthem is a barrier to having honest conversations and making real progress on the underlying issues."

In a tweet and elsewhere, President Trump has made his perspective clear.

Image source.

Discussion:

• Assess Goodell's news conference. Consider his audience and communication objectives.
• Contrast the NFL's with the NBA's. What differences and similarities do you notice? Which league is handling the controversy better?

#MeToo Campaign

Women in every industry are showing empathy and compassion to those who have suffered from sexual harassment and assault. After exposure of Harvey Weinstein's years of sexual harassment, women are coming forward on social media to say they, too, have been victims.

Social media connects people, but often those connections are negative, with online bullying and harassment getting the most attention. Now people are showing their vulnerability and coming together in solidarity to stop what many believe is a pervasive practice.

The latest women to admit their experience are in the U.S. Senate, including Senators Claire McCaskill and Mazie Hirono. 

A writer The Washington Post commends women who speak out, but she warns that not everyone has to:

Plenty of people talk about how brave it is to speak out, and they're right. It is brave to speak out, but that doesn't make you a coward if you don't.

Image source.

Discussion:

• What is empathy, and how does it differ from compassion?
• How is the hashtag #MeToo helpful?
• To what extent do you agree with the Washington Post writer's view? Read her entire article first.

NBA Reinforces Rule: Stand for the Anthem

The NBA is speaking out about the controversy over whether players can "take a knee"-or kneel-during the national anthem, which NFL players have been criticized for doing. In a memo from deputy commissioner Mark Tatum, the message is loud and clear-but hidden towards the end:

"...players, coaches and trainers stand respectfully for the anthem. The league office will determine how to deal with any possible instance in which a player, coach or trainer does not stand for the anthem. (Teams do not have the discretion to waive this rule)."

Most of the memo avoids the issue entirely and instead encourages players to continue to be active within the community.

TO: NBA BOARD OF GOVERNORS, TEAM PRESIDENTS,GENERAL MANAGERS
FROM: MARK TATUM, DEPUTY COMMISSIONER &CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER
CC: LEAGUE OFFICE
DATE: SEPTEMBER 29, 2017
RE: NEXT STEPS: BUILDING STRONGER, SAFER COMMUNITIES

As a follow-up to our discussions at this week's Board of Governors meetings, this document outlines suggested steps each team could take as we prepare for the start of the season and continue to develop impactful community programs.

I. ENGAGING PLAYERS AND SENIOR LEADERSHIP

If you have not done so already, we suggest organizing discussions between players, coaches, general managers and ownership to hear the players' perspectives.

One approach would be for team leadership to review existing team and league initiatives and encourage players to share their thoughts and ideas about them. Following those conversations, teams could develop plans prior to the start of the regular season for initiatives that players and senior leadership could participate in, such as:

- Hosting Community Conversations with youth, parents, community leaders and law enforcement about the challenges we face and our shared responsibility to create positive change.

- Creating "Building Bridges Through Basketball" programs that use the game of basketball to bring people together and deepen important bonds of trust and respect between young people, mentors, community leaders, law enforcement and other first responders.

- Highlighting the importance of mentoring with the goal of adding 50,000 new mentors to support young people through our PSA campaign.

- Engaging thought leaders and partners. A variety of experts, speakers and partner organizations are available to players and teams as you continue these conversations and develop programming.

- Establishing new and/or enhancing ongoing team initiatives and partnerships in the areas of criminal justice reform, economic empowerment and civic engagement.

II. OPENING WEEK

As we approach opening week, each team could explore ways to use their first home game as an opportunity to demonstrate your commitment to the NBA's core values of equality, diversity, inclusion and serve as a unifying force in the community, including:

- A joint address to fans featuring a player or coach prior to the National Anthem. This could include a message of unity and how the team is committed to bringing the community together this season.

- A video tribute or PSA featuring players, community leaders, faith leaders and team leadership speaking about the issues they care about and photos from past community events.

III. KEY MESSAGES

- These are difficult and nuanced issues.

- We support and encourage players to express their views on matters that are important to them.

- The NBA has a rule that players, coaches and trainers stand respectfully for the anthem. The league office will determine how to deal with any possible instance in which a player, coach or trainer does not stand for the anthem. (Teams do not have the discretion to waive this rule).

- Our team's focus remains on unity and collective action that leads to meaningful change in society. The players have embraced their roles in those efforts and we are proud of the work they do in our communities.

- We believe sports are a unifier and this is an opportunity for the NBA to once again lead by its core values of equality, inclusion and unity and to bridge divides and bring people together.

In a video statement, NBA commissioner Adam Silver echoed Tatum's memo. Silver said he expected players to follow the league's rules of standing for the anthem. Although he encouraged freedom of expression, he also said, "It's my hope that our players will continue to use that as a moment of unity."

A writer for Yahoo sports argues that players should be able to take a knee. Part of his argument follows:

Let's be clear: Athletes are not possibly putting their careers at risk, opening themselves up to jeering fans in arenas and on social media, because they are anti-national anthem, anti-flag, anti-America, anti-military or any other "anti" that has been used to diffuse any honest discourse. That those arguments have distracted from the true purpose of this activism only goes to show why it is necessary. Change won't come if no one listens. It certainly won't come if a league that presents itself as progressive and forward-thinking discourages civil methods used to bring about awareness.

Image source.

Discussion:

• Analyze the NBA memo against principles of business writing. Who are the primary and secondary audiences? What are Tatum's objectives? How does he organize the memo?
• How well does the memo capture the league's perspective? How do you think players might have reacted? 
• Analyze Michael Lee's argument in the Yahoo article. What are his strongest and weakest arguments?

Ikea's Diversity Ad

Ikea Canada is making a statement with a video set to "What a Wonderful World."

The spot starts with the song lyrics, "Seems to me, it's ain't the world that's so bad, but what we are doing to it." Then, a little girl looks out the window of a car as she narrates from the song what she sees-and we see images of different people. First up are two teenage girls exchanging corsages. Next, we see someone putting up solar panels, and then laundry drying outside.

An editor for Creativity-Online analyzes the approach. As the "Editor's Pick" states, Ikea is putting its mark on what the company deems important.

But in such a divisive political time, the ad is risky. Not everyone has the positive feelings Ikea is promoting when they see refugees or a woman breastfeeding.

Discussion:

• What do you think Ikea considered before producing this video? The company took some calculated risks.
• What's your view of the ad? Do you find it heartwarming, offensive, cheesy, or something else?

Defense After Nurse Is Arrested

A nurse at a Utah hospital was arrested for disobeying an officer's request, and everyone seems to be apologizing. An officer asked Alex Wubbels to draw blood from a man who was unconscious, and she refused. Wubbels said, in order to draw blood, the patient would need to be under arrest, and she would need to see a warrant. She said she had authority from hospital administrators to maintain her position.

The police officer, Jeff L. Payne, became angry and said she would be arrested if she didn't comply. And then he followed through while Wubbels screamed for help. It seems that Officer Payne's anger may have impaired his judgment.

Statements from the Salt Lake City major and the chief of police offer apologies for the incident:

Mayor Jackie Biskupski:

"Like many of you, I watched the video of police officers interacting with University of Utah Medical Center nurse Alex Wubbles for the first time through the media late yesterday. What I saw is completely unacceptable to the values of my Administration and of the values of the Salt Lake City Police Department. I extend a personal apology to Ms. Wubbles for what she has been through for simply doing her job.

There is currently an Internal Affairs investigation examining the actions, and the Civilian Review Board is conducting a parallel investigation. I have reiterated to Chief Brown that I expect the highest level of professionalism and integrity from his team. I have also instructed Chief Brown to conduct a thorough review of all policies and trainings to ensure respect for all individuals, in all situations. Following the incident Salt Lake City Police Department command met with hospital administration. We immediately changed policies that may have been a factor in this encounter, and the officer's duties have been modified.

I take these incidences very seriously. Since I took office, I have been working with Salt Lake City Police Department to increase our use of de-escalation techniques and we have had great success, and this incident is a troubling set back to those efforts. No medical professional in Salt Lake City should be hindered from performing their duties, and certainly not be fearful of the police officers they so often partner with to save lives."

Chief Mike Brown:

"I was alarmed by what I saw in the video with our officer and Ms. Wubbles. I am sad at the rift this has caused between law-enforcement and the nurses we work so closely with. I want to be clear, we take this very seriously. Immediate steps were taken and within 12 hours, body cam footage was reviewed and an internal affairs investigation started. We've looked at the actions that took place, the policies that could have prevented it, and the training that must be done. Within 24 hours of this incident, Salt Lake City Police Department took steps to ensure this will never happen again. We met with hospital CEO and COO, Nursing Management Team, their legal representation team, and University of Utah Chief Brophy. 

Most notable of all these conversations were that we apologized for the incident and promised to find a solution. Additionally, our policy management team continues to work closely with the hospital staff on improved policies and training. 

To date, we have suspended the officer from the blood draw program. We have already replaced our blood draw policy with a new policy. All remaining officers on the blood draw program have reviewed, and are operating under the new policy and protocol.

It is my sincere desire to get back to a very cooperative, respectful, and friendly relationship with our "brothers and sisters in white" we work so closely with. Salt Lake City Police Officers have a very soft spot in our hearts for all medical professionals. We know that if we are ever hurt in the line of duty, it is their caring hands that will perhaps save our lives one day. 

I believe we can learn from mistakes and from building strong relationships with everyone we work with and serve. By doing that we become a stronger police department." 

In addition, Mayor Jackie Biskupski apologized during a news conference and announced an internal investigation. Biskupski also said they met with hospital administrators and changed some policies. Police Chief Mike Brown also apologized  and said they would put steps in place to make sure this type of incident doesn't happen again.  

Discussion:

• How effective are the apologies from the mayor and police chief? What works well, and what could be improved?
• How well did they answer questions? What were their best responses?
• In what ways did the nurse demonstrate courage? What risks did she take to stand by her position?
• How did she also demonstrate integrity?

Gender Bias in Economics

An economist's research has revealed gender bias among academics. A gutsy senior wrote her thesis at the University of California, Berkeley, based on online, informal conversations about the economics academic job market. By analyzing more than a million online comments, Alice Wu identified words associated with men and women.

Words associated with women (female pronouns) were far more sexual, while the words associated with men were more positive overall. The female list is jarring.

Wu took a big risk in doing this research and publishing her report. She was warned about facing online harassment, but she seems resolved to continue her work.

The organization hashtac compiled an extensive list of studies about gender bias in academe and conclude the following:

The studies aggregated and summarized below offer important policy implications for the traditional ways that we quantify the processes leading to hiring, promotion, and tenure. You cannot simply count "outputs" in making an evaluation of someone's worth and reputation if there is a "biased filter" at the first stage of evaluation, prejudicing judgment at the outset.

Discussion:

• What, if anything, surprises you about this research?
• How does this work relate to the concept of implicit bias discussed in Chapter 2 of the tenth edition of Business Communication?
• Wu certainly demonstrates courage. What is at risk for her personally and professionally?
• Despite several page views, I cannot find what the letters "hashtac" represent. Where on the website would be a good place for this?

Comparing CEO Statements

A writer for The New York Times doesn't condemn CEOs for leaving President Trump's business advisory councils, but she says that we should expect more, particularly from those who gave what she considers vague statements. Zoe Greenberg writes,

It's fine to thank these executives for doing the right thing. But to look to these men as brave leaders? Let's not lower our standards, both politically and morally, so far that we're cheering for the absolute bare minimum of human decency.

She gives the example of Brain Krzanich of Intel's statement:

 I resigned to call attention to the serious harm our divided political climate is causing to critical issues, including the serious need to address the decline of American manufacturing.

The Los Angeles Times rounded up 15 CEOs' statements about their decision to leave, some before the Charlottesville incident. Comparing the statements and the reasons they identified is an interesting exercise. Some executives used the opportunity to promote their companies, and some gave more specific reasons that others.

Image source.

Discussion:

• Which executives most used the opportunity to promote their company?
• Which gave the most vague and most specific reasons for leaving?
• What other differences do you notice?
• Which statements do you find most effective and why?